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. 2011 Jan 20;90(3):484–492. doi: 10.1093/cvr/cvr020

Figure 5.

Figure 5

Effects of dietary PSA and PSE on endothelial function and atherosclerosis. Functional performance of isolated aortic segments was assessed in organ chamber experiments. (A) Endothelium-dependent vasorelaxation induced by carbachol and (B) endothelial-independent vasorelaxation induced by nitroglycerin (NTG), expressed as a percent of maximal phenylephrine-induced vasoconstriction. Values are mean ± SEM (n= 10 per group). #P < 0.05 for WTD (black) vs. WTD + PSA (dark grey) and WTD + PSE (bright grey). Atherosclerotic lesion formation in the aortic sinus of apoE−/− mice on a high-cholesterol WTD, WTD with PSA supplementation, and WTD with PSE supplementation. (C) Representative examples (oil-red-O), bars: 500 µm (D) histomorphological analysis, (E) representative atherosclerotic lesions: macrophages (MAC, MOMO-2), vascular SMC (α-actin), and Ly-6C monocytes. Bars: 100 µm. (F) Semi-quantitative grading of stainings: (+) weak staining, (++) moderate staining, and (+++) intense staining. Values are mean ± SEM (n= 10 per group). *P < 0.05 for WTD + PSA vs. WTD.