Table 2.

Effects of AP EtOAc extract on levels of pro-inflammatory mediators in serum and peritoneal exudates macrophages at 6 h in BALB/c mice treated with LPS.

Groups	TNF-α (pg ml−1)	IL-6 (ng ml−1)	IL-12p40 (ng ml−1)	MIP-2 (ng ml−1)	NO (μM)
Serum
2 h
PBS	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
LPS	2325 ± 504	167 ± 14.2	11.5 ± 2.38	140.6 ± 5.3	n.d.
PDTC	737 ± 174*	161 ± 15.8	3.57 ± 0.71*	64.1 ± 3.0*	n.d.
AP1	1175 ± 113*	200 ± 52.0	10.7 ± 1.03	73.8 ± 3.5*	n.d.
AP2	1150 ± 96*	136 ± 11.7	9.84 ± 1.16*	86.8 ± 4.7	n.d.
AP3	2647 ± 1292	145 ± 11.5	2.01 ± 0.35*	110.3 ± 8.0	n.d.
6 h
PBS	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
LPS	660 ± 62	295 ± 38.3	23.7 ± 2.66	34.4 ± 3.1	234 ± 34.8
PDTC	403 ± 38*	148 ± 30.6	11.7 ± 0.80*	24.0 ± 2.6	192 ± 33.8
AP1	483 ± 31	110 ± 30.6	24.1 ± 2.30	15.1 ± 5.5	85 ± 5.30*
AP2	400 ± 32*	231 ± 35.3	19.3 ± 1.97	28.7 ± 2.9	101 ± 17.5*
AP3	434 ± 55	333 ± 51.5	18.7 ± 2.08	27.7 ± 5.6	310 ± 34.4
Peritoneal macrophages
6 h
PBS	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.	n.d.
LPS	158 ± 13	37.9 ± 7.3	40.4 ± 6.7	14.4 ± 1.0	53.3 ± 1.7
PDTC	89 ± 6.1*	30.6 ± 6.9	31.2 ± 5.1	6.7 ± 0.8*	22.7 ± 4.7*
AP1	102 ± 12	53.5 ± 7.5	40.0 ± 4.0	13.6 ± 1.3	39.7 ± 4.0*
AP2	89 ± 6.1*	41.4 ± 8.9	24.8 ± 2.7*	6.3 ± 0.5*	33.4 ± 4.6*
AP3	238 ± 53	17.3 ± 3.0	30.2 ± 4.5	7.6 ± 1.0	24.5 ± 4.3*

The mice were divided into the following treatment groups: LPS group; PDTC group; AP1 group, a dose of 0.78 mg kg⁻¹ BW AP; AP2 group, a dose of 1.56 mg kg⁻¹ BW AP; AP3 group, a dose of 3.12 mg kg⁻¹ BW AP. Treatments were administrated orally 7 days before LPS challenge (15 mg kg⁻¹, i.p.). Data are expressed as mean ± SD of eight mice. Statistical analysis was performed using the Student's t-test (significant as compared with LPS alone, * P < .05). n.d.: not detectable.