Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study population.
| Characteristics | Intervention Group (n = 219)a | Usual Care Group (n = 180)a |
| Age (y) | 29.5±4.8 | 30.0±4.7 |
| n Primiparous (%) | 103 (47.0) | 73 (40.6) |
| BMI before pregnancy | 26.3±4.9 | 26.4±4.3 |
| Range of BMI before pregnancyb | 17.0–48.5 | 17.2–37.8 |
| n Education (%)c | ||
| High | 58 (26.8) | 36 (20.6) |
| Medium | 85 (39.4) | 80 (45.7) |
| Low | 73 (33.8) | 59 (33.7) |
| n Smoking before or during pregnancy (%)d | 44 (20.9) | 45 (26.2) |
| Inclusion criteria (%): | ||
| Overweight (BMI >25 kg/m2) | 128 (58.4) | 110 (61.5) |
| Macrosomia in previous pregnancies | 6 (2.7) | 5 (2.8) |
| Earlier gestational glucose intolerance/GDM | 26 (11.9) | 19 (10.6) |
| Age ≥40 y | 5 (2.3) | 5 (2.8) |
| Family history of diabetes | 126 (57.5) | 90 (50.3) |
a
Plus/minus values are means ± SD.
b
Outliers of 48.5 and 40.4 in BMI excluded from further analyses.
c
High, university degree; medium, polytechnic education; low, basic or secondary education.
d
Information on smoking missing n = 16.