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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 May 1.
Published in final edited form as: Nat Med. 2011 Apr 17;17(5):596–603. doi: 10.1038/nm.2356

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Blockade of LIGHT or LTαβ inhibits airway remodeling and AHR induced by HDM. (a) Protocol for HDM-induced remodeling. WT mice were given three intranasal (i.n.) challenges with HDM extract, once per week. LTβR-Fc or IgG was given 24 h before each additional intranasal HDM challenge over the next 4 weeks. i.p., intraperitoneal. (b) Lung sections were stained for Masson's trichrome (top left and middle) and collagen-1 (bottom left and middle) and scored for the extent of fibrosis (top right, n = 54–75 airways per group). Induced total lung collagen was measured (bottom right, pooled from four mice per group, two experiments shown). (c) Lung sections stained for α-smooth muscle actin (left) and scored for extent of induced peribronchial smooth muscle (right, n = 49–70 airways per group). Induced reflects levels above those detected in mice receiving three intranasal challenges before LTβR-Fc treatment. (d) Peak airway resistance with increasing doses of methacholine and baseline resistance without methacholine exposure (six or seven mice per group). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.005, ***P < 0.001, ****P < 0.0001, means ± s.e.m., Mann-Whitney test. Data are from two or three independent experiments. Scale bars, 100 μm.