Pezner (41) |
Breast Retraction Assessment (BRA) |
Patient & clear acrylic grid and photographs |
29 Normal women compared to 27 BCT patients |
BRA was significantly greater for breast cancer patients than for the control groups. BRA calculations correlated with the size of resection. |
Van Limbergen (38, 39) |
BRA and panel scoring |
AP Photographs |
142 BCT patients |
Significant correlations between BRA and the subjective scores were found. Increased BRA associated with poorer cosmetic outcome. p = 0.0001: X square test, Kendall Tau B and Kendall Tau C
|
Vrieling (40) |
BRA and pBRA |
AP Photographs |
647 patients |
Found a significant correlation between pBRA and subjective assessment at a three-year follow-up except for those with inferomedially located tumors (Ļ = 0.24 ā 0.53). |
Sacchini (42) |
4 measures of distances between fiducial points |
AP Digital images |
148 BCT patients |
A 3-member panel, comprised of either health care professionals or patients, assessed the images. Significant difference in the aesthetic outcome among groups was reported. |
Kim (44) |
Ratios of distances between fiducial points |
digitized/digital images of oblique and lateral (pre-operative) |
52 BRC patients |
The variability in the objective measurements due to intra- and inter- observer variability in marking fiducial points was shown to be equivalent to less than one point on the subjective ptosis scale. |