Fig. 1.

Attraction and phenotype alteration of monocytes by gCSCs. Monocytes upon exposure to the gCSC-conditioned medium (n = 4) demonstrated (A) increased migration in a cell-migration chemotaxis assay compared with both control neurosphere medium alone and supernatants from bulk and CD133+ depleted primary GBM and (B) an increase in p-STAT3 expression, as shown by flow cytometry, relative to control monocytes exposed to neurosphere medium alone. (C) Western blot showing that p-STAT1 expression was decreased within monocytes and MΦs by gCSC-conditioned medium and MIC-1, and that this was partially reversed by p-STAT3 blockade with WP1066 (WP = 2 µM WP1066). C is control neurosphere medium.