Guinea pigs were immunized as described in Figure 3A and sera collected at 2 weeks after the fourth immunization were analyzed for HIV neutralizing activity using a pseudovirion neutralization assay as described in Materials and Methods. HIV pseudovirions were incubated with individual serum samples from vaccinated guinea pigs at 1∶50 dilutions in 10% FCS-DMEM for 1 hr at 37°C and then added to TMZ-bl cells seeded in a 96-well plate. Two days after infection, the medium was removed and the cells were fixed and stained for β-galactosidase expressing cells. Neutralizing activity was expressed as the percentage of reduction in the number of β-galactosidase expressing cells in sample wells compared to those in control wells (% neutralization). Group 1, HA-C14S/gp41 DNA; Group 2, HA-C14S/gp41 VLP; Group 3, SHIV 89.6 VLP; Group 4, SIV Gag VLP. A. Neutralization of HIV 89.6 pseudovirions; B, Neutralization of HIV SF162 pseudovirions; C, Neutralization of HIV PVO.4 (SVPB11) pseudovirions; D, Neutralization of HIV AC10.029 (SVPB13) pseudovirions; E, Neutralization of HIV PRHPA4259.7 (SVPB14) pseudovirions.