Table 2.
Systemic hemodynamic responses
| Baseline | Exercise (control) | Inflation (nadir) | Inflation (steady state) | Deflation (acute) | Deflation (steady state) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Protocol 1 (n = 9) | ||||||
| 20% MVC (no drug) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 96 ± 4 | 102 ± 5* | 103 ± 6* | 105 ± 5* | 103 ± 5* | 105 ± 4* |
| Brachial artery pressure, mmHg | 91 ± 3† | 94 ± 4† | 70 ± 5*‡ | 88 ± 3†‡ | 96 ± 3† | 97 ± 4*† |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 63 ± 1 | 63 ± 2 | 64 ± 1 | 64 ± 1 | 63 ± 1 | 63 ± 2 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 5.3 ± 0.6 | 5.7 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.7* | 5.9 ± 0.7* | 6.0 ± 0.7* | 5.9 ± 0.7* |
| 20% MVC (l-NMMA) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 94 ± 4 | 102 ± 5* | 101 ± 4* | 105 ± 4* | 104 ± 4* | 105 ± 4* |
| Brachial artery pressure, mmHg | 92 ± 3† | 95 ± 3† | 66 ± 4*‡ | 87 ± 3†‡ | 95 ± 2† | 98 ± 3*† |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 63 ± 2 | 63 ± 2 | 63 ± 2 | 63 ± 2 | 63 ± 2 | 62 ± 2 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.7 ± 0.5 | 5.9 ± 0.6 | 6.0 ± 0.6 | 6.1 ± 0.6* |
| 20% MVC (l-NMMA + aminophylline) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 94 ± 4 | 101 ± 5* | 102 ± 5* | 103 ± 5* | 103 ± 5* | 103 ± 5* |
| Brachial artery pressure, mmHg | 94 ± 3† | 98 ± 4† | 71 ± 4*‡ | 85 ± 3*†‡ | 97 ± 3† | 99 ± 3† |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 62 ± 2 | 62 ± 2 | 62 ± 2 | 62 ± 2 | 62 ± 2 | 62 ± 2 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 5.2 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.6 ± 0.6 | 5.8 ± 0.6* | 5.9 ± 0.6* |
| Protocol 2 (n = 7) | ||||||
| 20% MVC (no drug) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 86 ± 3 | 91 ± 3* | 89 ± 3* | 93 ± 3* | 95 ± 3*† | 93 ± 4* |
| Brachial artery pressure, mmHg | 86 ± 2† | 93 ± 3*† | 69 ± 3*‡ | 87 ± 3†‡ | 95 ± 3*† | 96 ± 4*† |
| Heart rate. beats/min | 64 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 4.9 ± 0.3 | 5.4 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 0.4 | 5.5 ± 0.4* | 5.6 ± 0.4* | 5.6 ± 0.4* |
| 20% MVC (aminophylline) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 89 ± 3 | 97 ± 2* | 97 ± 2* | 101 ± 3* | 100 ± 3* | 101 ± 4* |
| Brachial artery pressure, mmHg | 86 ± 2† | 96 ± 4*† | 68 ± 3*‡ | 85 ± 3†‡ | 97 ± 3*† | 99 ± 4*† |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 63 ± 1 | 65 ± 1 | 65 ± 1 | 65 ± 1 | 65 ± 1 | 65 ± 1 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 4.8 ± 0.3 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.2 | 5.0 ± 0.3 | 5.0 ± 0.2 | 5.2 ± 0.3 |
| 20% MVC (aminophylline + l-NMMA) | ||||||
| Mean arterial pressure, mmHg | 90 ± 4 | 96 ± 4* | 98 ± 5* | 103 ± 5*‡ | 100 ± 4* | 102 ± 5* |
| Brachial artery pressure, mmHg | 89 ± 3† | 99 ± 4*† | 68 ± 4*‡ | 84 ± 6*†‡ | 97 ± 3*† | 100 ± 4*† |
| Heart rate, beats/min | 64 ± 2 | 65 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 | 66 ± 1 |
| Cardiac output, l/min | 5.0 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | 5.3 ± 0.6 | 5.4 ± 0.7 | 5.6 ± 0.7* | 5.4 ± 0.6 |
Values are means ± SE for n subjects.
*
P < 0.05 vs. baseline;
†
P < 0.05 vs. nadir;
‡
P < 0.05 vs. exercise (control).