Table 3.

Univariate and multivariate analyses

Linear Component
	Univariate Analysis			Multivariate Analysis
Covariate	Odds Ratio	95% CI	p-value	Odds Ratio	95% CI	p-value
Baseline age
≥ 29 years	1			1	1
<29 years	1.18	1.03,1.35	0.019	1.15	1.01,1.33	0.041
Language spoken at home
English	1			1
Zulu/others	1.89	1.51,2.36	<0.001	1.50	1.18,1.91	0.001
Marital status
Yes	1			-
No	5.47	4.21,7.10	<0.001	-
Cohabiting
Yes	1			1
No	1.91	1.63,2.22	<0.001	1.23	1.02,1.47	0.030
Age at first Sex
< 15 years	1.67	1.30,2.13	<0.001	1.47	1.12,1.93	<0.001
≥ 15 years	1			1
Regular sex partner
No	1			1
Yes	5.05	3.92,6.50	<0.001	4.69	3.52,6.26	<0.001
Lifetime male sex partner
<4	1			1
≥ 4	2.85	2.43,3.32	<0.001	2.35	2.00,2.78	<0.001
Tested positive for Gonorrhea
Yes	2.55	1.68,3.86	<0.001	1.68	1.20,1.75	0.02
No	1			1
Tested positive for HSV
Yes	7.00	5.70,8.56	<0.001	6.65	5.36,8.24	<0.001
No	1			1
Exchange of sex for money
Yes	3.37	1.71,6.64	<0.001	-
No	1
Ever had sex using male condom
Yes	1.38	1.18,1.60	<0.001	-
No	1
Contraceptive use at screening1
Yes	1			1
No	1.37	1.17,1.61	<0.001	1.45	1.20,1.75	<0.001
		Nonlinear component			Nonlinear component
Geographical component	Degrees of freedom		knots	Degrees of freedom		knots
Longitude, Latitude	26.4		50	22.3		50

¹Using any of the contraception listed below tubal ligation, vasectomy, intrauterine device, implants such as Jadelle and Norplant; combined oral contraceptive and progesterone only pills; male or female condoms