Table 5. Linear Regression of serum uric acid (per 100 µmol/L) on log-transformed inflammatory markers, overall and by sex.
| Overall | Male | Female | P-value* | |||||||
| Univariate | β-coeff | S.E | P-value | β-coeff | S.E | P-value | β-coeff | S.E | P-value | |
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | −0.14 | 0.03 | <0.001 | −0.10 | 0.04 | 0.015 | −0.19 | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.061 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.14 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.040 | 0.18 | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.076 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.1 | 0.01 | <0.001 | 0.08 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.15 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.030 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.26 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.30 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.51 | 0.03 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Age & sex adjusted | ||||||||||
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | −0.09 | 0.03 | 0.004 | −0.06 | 0.04 | 0.120 | −0.12 | 0.05 | 0.009 | 0.269 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.1 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.04 | 0.161 | 0.17 | 0.04 | <0.001 | 0.156 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.09 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.003 | 0.11 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.128 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.34 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.26 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.46 | 0.03 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
| Age, sex & BMI adjusted | ||||||||||
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | −0.08 | 0.03 | 0.013 | −0.06 | 0.04 | 0.141 | −0.11 | 0.05 | 0.028 | 0.288 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.04 | 0.03 | 0.128 | 0.02 | 0.04 | 0.625 | 0.09 | 0.04 | 0.042 | 0.387 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.06 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.040 | 0.08 | 0.03 | 0.004 | 0.278 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.17 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.16 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.21 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.046 |
| Fully adjusted ** | ||||||||||
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | −0.07 | 0.03 | 0.034 | −0.04 | 0.04 | 0.333 | −0.11 | 0.05 | 0.030 | 0.218 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.05 | 0.03 | 0.107 | 0.04 | 0.04 | 0.324 | 0.07 | 0.05 | 0.110 | 0.399 |
| TNF-α (pg/mL) | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.003 | 0.05 | 0.02 | 0.045 | 0.06 | 0.03 | 0.025 | 0.297 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.19 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.19 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.22 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.047 |
| Fully adjusted excluding BMI | ||||||||||
| IL-1β (pg/mL) | −0.07 | 0.03 | 0.027 | −0.03 | 0.04 | 0.445 | −0.12 | 0.05 | 0.012 | 0.418 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 0.10 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.07 | 0.04 | 0.063 | 0.15 | 0.04 | 0.001 | 0.112 |
| TNF-α(pg/mL) | 0.08 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.06 | 0.02 | 0.006 | 0.10 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.118 |
| CRP (mg/L) | 0.35 | 0.02 | <0.001 | 0.29 | 0.03 | <0.001 | 0.44 | 0.03 | <0.001 | <0.001 |
*P-value for interaction between serum uric acid and sex. IL-1β = interleukin-1β; IL-6 = interleukin-6: TNF-α = tumour necrosis factor-alpha; CRP = ultrasensitive C-reactive protein.
**Adjusted for age, sex, alcohol intake, smoking, BMI, GFR (calculated according to Modification in Diet in Renal Disease equation), diabetes, hypertension & use of diuretic.