Table 2.
Unadjusted and bivariate associations of maternal cardio-metabolic markers at 3-years postpartum with short sleep duration from 6 months to 1 year postpartum.
| Cardio-Metabolic Markers at 3 Years Postpartum | N* | Overall | Average Daily Sleep Duration (hrs/d), 6 Months to 1 Year Postpartum | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ≤ 5 hours | > 5 hours | p† | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | Mean (SD) | Median (IQR) | |||
| Hemoglobin A1c | 477 | 5.1 (0.28) | 5.1 (4.9, 5.3) | 5.1 (0.29) | 5.1 (4.9, 5.3) | 5.1 (0.28) | 5.1 (4.9, 6.6) | 0.68 |
| HOMA-IR | 147 | 1.8 (1.9) | 1.4 (0.9, 2.0) | 2.0 (1.6) | 1.6 (1.2, 2.2) | 1.7 (1.9) | 1.3 (0.9, 1.9) | 0.11 |
| Fasting insulin, u/mL | 147 | 9.4 (7.4) | 7.8 (5.3, 10.1) | 10.8 (7.1) | 9.1 (6.6, 10.3) | 9.2 (7.4) | 7.4 (5.0, 10.1) | 0.17 |
| Fasting glucose, mg/dL | 147 | 74.6 (15.4) | 77.0 (66.0, 84.0) | 77.1 (17.6) | 81.5 (66.0, 87.0) | 74.3 (15.1) | 76.0 (66.0, 83.0) | 0.48 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 147 | 178.0 (29.9) | 174.0 (158.0, 195.0) | 179.1 (27.1) | 173.0 (158.0, 191.0) | 177.9 (30.3) | 175.0 (158.0, 198.0) | 0.88 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 147 | 106.7 (27.8) | 105.4 (90.4, 121.2) | 108.6 (24.7) | 106.8 (94.0, 119.2) | 106.4 (28.3) | 104.7 (87.8, 121.2) | 0.75 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dL | 147 | 54.3 (12.1) | 52.8 (45.1, 61.7) | 54.0 (8.3) | 55.1 (49.2, 59.8) | 54.3 (12.5) | 52.8 (45.1, 61.7) | 0.93 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 147 | 86.5 (45.9) | 74.0 (54.0, 105.0) | 80.0 (37.1) | 72.5 (55.0, 105.0) | 87.5 (47.1) | 74.0 (54.0, 104.0) | 0.68 |
| Leptin, ng/ml | 474 | 8.8 (6.1) | 6.9 (4.2, 12.2) | 10.3 (6.9) | 8.5 (5.0, 14.0) | 8.5 (5.9) | 6.8 (4.1, 11.7) | 0.07 |
| Adiponectin, μg/ml | 476 | 20.2 (8.7) | 20.3 (14.0, 26.0) | 20.4 (9.3) | 20.3 (13.2, 26.0) | 20.2 (8.6) | 20.3 (14.1, 26.1) | 0.85 |
*
Fasting samples were available for 147 participants.
†
P-value are from Fisher’s exact t-test for normally distributed variables (hemoglobin A1c, fasting glucose, total cholesterol, LDL cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, and adiponectin) and Wilcoxon rank-sum test for non-normally distributed variables (HOMA-IR, fasting insulin, triglycerides, and leptin).