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. 2003 Dec;69(12):7298–7309. doi: 10.1128/AEM.69.12.7298-7309.2003

FIG. 1.

FIG. 1.

Bacterial biofilm observed on the surface of a rubber-coated drinking water valve. The arrow indicates the bacterial biofilm. The drinking water valve was obtained from a drinking water pipe with an internal diameter of 15 cm. The valves are normally submerged in the drinking water.