FIGURE 1.
An assay for DNA binding of in vitro refolded TDP-43 proteins. A, a schematic representation of our filter binding assay using biotinylated single-stranded DNA (sDNA) as a substrate for TDP-43 proteins. A nitrocellulose membrane traps proteins including DNA-bound and unbound TDP-43, whereas unbound DNAs are recovered on a nylon membrane. B, 0.1 μm of either biotinylated (TG)12 (left) or biotinylated (AC)12 (right) was mixed with TDP-43FL (wild type as well as ALS mutant) at indicated concentrations. These mixtures were filtered through a nitrocellulose membrane (upper) overlaid on a nylon membrane (lower), and DNAs trapped on each of membranes were probed with Streptavidin-HRP.