Table 1.
Characteristics of study subjects
| training dataset (n=3631) |
validation dataset (n= 1816) |
|
|---|---|---|
| age [yrs] | 64 (49; 73) | 64 (51; 74) |
| gender, male | 62.2 | 59.7 |
| BMI [kg/m2]1 | 25 (23; 29) | 25 (22; 29) |
| treatment modality2 | ||
| HD | 70.1 | 72.3 |
| PD | 29.9 | 27.7 |
| diastolic BP [mmHg]1,3 | 78±15 | 77±15 |
| systolic BP [mmHg]1,3 | 144±26 | 144±26 |
| Townsend score4 | ||
| 1 | 16.7 | 16.3 |
| 2 | 18.3 | 18.4 |
| 3 | 18.8 | 18.7 |
| 4 | 22.9 | 23.4 |
| 5 | 23.3 | 23.3 |
| race category5 | ||
| white | 83.3 | 83.9 |
| black | 5.0 | 4.3 |
| Asian | 8.4 | 9.2 |
| Chinese | 0.7 | 0.6 |
| other | 2.6 | 2.1 |
| cause of ESRD | ||
| diabetes | 21.8 | 19.8 |
| glomerulonephritis | 10.5 | 12.1 |
| polycystic kidney disease | 7.1 | 7.1 |
| pyelonephritis | 8.5 | 8.1 |
| renovascular disease | 15.6 | 16.2 |
| other | 15.1 | 14.9 |
| uncertain | 21.4 | 21.8 |
| comorbidity | ||
| diabetes6 | 29.1 | 27.5 |
| CVD7 | 32.4 | 34.6 |
| smoking | 17.2 | 16.1 |
| laboratory measurements | ||
| albumin [g/dL] | 3.5 (3.2; 3.9) | 3.5 (3.1; 3.9) |
| calcium [mg/dL] | 9.6±0.9 | 9.6±0.9 |
| phosphate [mg/dL] | 5.1±1.7 | 5.0±1.6 |
| iPTH [pg/mL]1 | 144 (60; 285) | 148 (62; 303) |
| cholesterol [mg/dL]1 | 170 (143; 201) | 174 (143; 205) |
| ferritin [ng/mL] | 284 (164; 458) | 292 (171; 472) |
| hemoglobin [g/dl] | 11.3±1.8 | 11.3±1.8 |
| SCr [mg/dL]3 | 7.2 (5.6; 9.2) | 7.2 (5.5; 9.1) |
Categorical data are given as percentage; continuous Data are means ± standard deviation or medians (25th; 75th percentile)
abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; PD, peritoneal dialysis; HD, hemodialysis; ESRD, end stage renal disease; CVD, cardiovascular disease; iPTH, intact parathyroid hormone; BP, blood pressure; SCr, serum creatinine
conversion factors for units: serum creatinine in mg/dL to mol/L, ×88.4; cholesterol in mg/dL to mmol/L ×0.02586, albumin in g/dL to g/L ×10; calcium in mg/dL to mmol/L ×0.2495; phosphorus in mg/dL to mmol/L ×0.3229; no conversion necessary for ferritin in ng/mL and ug/L, and iPTH in pg/mL and ng/L
>20% missing data
Treatment modality after 3 months of dialysis treatment
Predialysis measurements
Socioeconomic status; least deprived (score 1), most deprived (score 5)
Self reported, patients of South Asian origin (i.e. excludes Chinese patients) are classified as “Asian”
Including diabetes as non primary cause of ESRD
Cardiovascular disease assessed according to a questionnaire about ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and peripheral vascular disease