Table 2.

Sensitivity rates for detection of malignancy by endoscopic forceps biopsy of a biliary stricture

Authors and year	Country	Panc cancer	Bile duct cancer	Specificity
Kubota et al[54], 1993	Japan	50% (2/4)	89% (16/18)	100% (5/5)
Ponchon et al[28], 1995	France	46% (6/13)	44% (7/16)	97% (35/36)
Sugiyama et al[29], 1996	Japan	71% (10/14)	88% (15/17)	100% (12/12)
Jailwala et al[33], 2000	USA	33% (15/46)	30% (9/30)	100% (10/10)
Tamada et al[59], 2002	Japan	50% (6/12)	84% (21/25)	100% (18/18)
Kitajima et al[36], 2007	Japan	60% (9/15)	57% (12/21)	100% (7/7)