Table 5.
Hierarchical Linear Models (HLMs) Predicting Vocabulary and Reading Achievement Intercepts: Testing Mediation of Neighborhood Effects (N = 1,364).
| Vocabulary |
Reading |
|||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | |
| Regression models | ||||||||||||
| Neigh. advantage | 1.15** | 0.92** | 0.95* | 1.16** | 1.02* | 0.80* | 2.26** | 1.92* | 2.01** | 2.24** | 1.79* | 1.42† |
| (0.41) | (0.40) | (0.41) | (0.42) | (0.42) | (0.40) | (0.73) | (0.74) | (0.73) | (0.73) | (0.79) | (0.79) | |
| Neigh. advantage sq | −0.43* | −0.37* | −0.38* | −0.43* | −0.41* | −0.34† | −0.94** | −0.85* | −0.88** | −0.94** | −0.86* | −0.75* |
| (0.19) | (0.18) | (0.18) | (0.19) | (0.19) | (0.18) | (0.33) | (0.33) | (0.32) | (0.33) | (0.33) | (0.33) | |
| Maternal depression | −0.04 | −0.23* | ||||||||||
| (0.05) | (0.10) | |||||||||||
| Quality home envir. | 2.99*** | 2.80*** | 4.38*** | 4.08*** | ||||||||
| (0.44) | (0.43) | (0.70) | (0.69) | |||||||||
| Child care quality | 2.64*** | 1.84** | 3.42** | 2.06† | ||||||||
| (0.64) | (0.61) | (1.11) | (1.15) | |||||||||
| Class. quality | −0.03 | 0.05 | ||||||||||
| (0.06) | (0.12) | |||||||||||
| School advantage | 2.15 | 7.82† | 6.19† | |||||||||
| (1.63) | (3.81) | (3.50) | ||||||||||
| Mediated effects | ||||||||||||
| Maternal depression | 0.00 | 0.00 | ||||||||||
| (0.01) | (0.06) | |||||||||||
| Quality home envir. | 0.23* | 0.16* | 0.34* | 0.17† | ||||||||
| (0.10) | (0.09) | (0.15) | (0.13) | |||||||||
| Child care quality | 0.19** | 0.12* | 0.25** | 0.11† | ||||||||
| (0.07) | (0.05) | (0.10) | (0.07) | |||||||||
| Class. quality | −0.02 | 0.03 | ||||||||||
| (0.03) | (0.07) | |||||||||||
| School advantage | 0.13† | 0.48* | 0.36* | |||||||||
| (0.10) | (0.24) | (0.21) | ||||||||||
***
p < .001
**
p < .01
*
p < .05
†
p < .10.
Note: All models include the full set of controls on both the intercept and slope. The significance of the mediated effects is based on one-tailed Sobel tests.