Table 2.

Diagnoses in 2598 patients who underwent at least one pituitary MRI from January 1999 to November 2010

Diagnoses	Total	Number of masses, [age range], and (average age), at initial pituitary MRIa		Newly diagnosedb	Pathologyc
		Males	Females
Anterior pituitary tumors
Prolactinoma	395	90 [17–81] (46)	305 [15–89] (36)	182	54
Nonfunctioning adenoma	364	162 [18–85] (54)	202 [17–87] (47)	166	164
GH adenoma	127	59 [19–84] (49)	68 [18–82] (45)	31	43
ACTH adenoma	84	18 [19–77] (43)	66 [10–66] (38)	47	34
GH/prolactin mixed adenoma	4	3 [24–42] (32)	1 [15]	1	4
Nelson's syndrome	2	0 [24–42] (30)	2 [44–66] (50)	1	0
Pituitary carcinomad	2	2 [45–75] (60)	0	2	2
LH/FSH functioning adenoma	1	1 [59]	0	0	1
TSH adenoma	1	0	1 [31]	1	1
GH/TSH mixed adenoma	1	0	1 [35]	1	0
Cysts
Rathke's cleft cyst	42	12 [14–75] (40)	30 [2–68] (40)	35	25
Craniopharyngioma	33	13 [1–54] (29)	20 [8–73] (45)	12	20
Arachnoid	2	2 [33–56] (45)	0	0	1
Epidermoid	1	0	1 [67]	1	1
Pineal cyst	1	1 [11]	0	1	0
Nonadenomatous neoplasms
Meningioma	32	7 [28–81] (52)	25 [33–89] (64)	15	13
Chordoma	3	3 [24–69] (43)	0	1	3
Pituitary lymphoma	2	1 [48]	1 [81]	2	2
Chondrosarcoma	1	0	1 [24]	1	1
Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma	1	0	1 [10]	0	1
Germinoma	1	1 [12]	0	1	1
Granular cell tumor	1	0	1 [53]	0	1
Hemangiopericytoma, malignant	1	0	1 [77]	1	1
Leiomyosarcoma	1	0	1 [36]	1	1
Mucoepidermoid carcinoma	1	0	1 [40]	0	1
Pituicytoma	1	1 [38]	0	0	1
Xanthogranuloma	1	1 [25]	0	1	1
Inflammatory and vasculitidies
Lymphocytic hypophysitis	3	1 [45]	2 [26–34] (30)	1	2
Hypophysitis, unspecified type	2	0	2 [37–54] (46)	0	0
Lymphocytic infundibulitis	1	0	1 [29]	0	1
Amyloidosis, primary	1	0	1 [54]	1	0
Sarcoidosis	1	1 [37]	0	0	0
Wegener's granulomatosis	1	1 [44]	0	1	1e
Infectious
Pseudomonas aeruginosa	1	1 [40]	0	1	1
Syphilis	1	1 [38]	0	1	0
Metastases
Breast	3	0	3 [32–69] (52)	3	1
CNS lymphoma, to pituitary stalk	1	1	0 [72]	1	1
Nasopharyngeal lymphoma	1	0	1 [44]	1	1
Liver epitheliod hemangioendothelioma	1	1 [51]	0	0	1
Lung, adenocarcinoma	1	1 [71]	0	1	0
Pineal germinoma/dysgerminoma	1	1 [18]	0	1	1
Plasmacytoma	1	1 [60]	0	1	1
Prostate, adenocarcinoma	1	1 [59]	0	1	1
Sinusoidal squamous cell carcinoma	1	0	1 [70]	1	1
Vascular
Apoplexy with masses	16	9 [37–70] (54)	7 [23–88] (50)	13	9
Carotid aneurysm	4	2 [57–78] (68)	2 [41–86] (64)	4	n/a
Hypothalamic cavernous angioma	1	0	1 [38]	1	0
Hypothalamic interpeduncular hematoma	1	1 [31]	0	1	1
Miscellaneous
Empty sella	21	5 [18–48] (36)	16 [32–62] (47)	16	n/a
Hyperplasia	14	0	14 [14–58] (40)	10	11
Ectopic pituitary gland	4	2 [14 days–25] (12)	2 [17–67] (42)	4	0
Fibrous dysplasia	3	0	3 [26–67] (47)	1	2
Lipoma	1	0	1 [23]	1	0
Hypothalamic
Astrocytoma	2	0	2 [13–37] (25)	1	1
Germinoma	1	1 [26]	0	0	0
Hamartoma	1	0	1 [10]	0	0
Undiagnosed masses	159	48 [15–93] (48)	111 [10–89] (43)	n/a	5f
Normal pituitary	1242	436 [2 months–88] (44)	806 [2–91] (39)	n/a	21

n/a, Not applicable.

^aAge specified in years, unless otherwise noted. Age range and average noted if applicable;

^bmasses diagnosed after initial pituitary MRI; includes undiagnosed incidentalomas;

^cnumber of pathological reports available at this institution to confirm diagnoses;

^dtwo cases of pituitary carcinomas initially diagnosed as prolactinomas, which changed at time of biopsy after initial pituitary MRI;

^epathology confirmed by serological tests;

^ffive patients with nondiagnostic pathology results.