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Model of how ClpL could increase penicillin resistance. Under heat shock condition, ClpL protein expression is induced, which contributes to the stabilization and increase of PBP2x protein level. As a molecular chaperone, ClpL then interacts with PBP2x in the cytosol and facilitates translocation of PBP2x into the cell wall, which results in a PBP-mediated increase in cell wall thickness and penicillin resistance.
