Figure 4.

Modulation of pro- and anti-apoptotic gene expression in HeLa cells on infection with S. flexneri M90T. (a) Transcriptional profile of pro- and anti-apoptotic genes expressed by HeLa cells infected with S. flexneri M90T (MOI 100) at 1, 3 and 5 h of incubation p.i. Red and green colors represent up- and downregulation of gene expression, respectively, as compared with uninfected cells. The key for intensity of expression is indicated under the bar. (b) Validation/determination through qPCR for a representative subset of genes whose expression is highly modulated by Shigella infection. Results are normalized to the internal gapdh gene control and are presented on a logarithmic scale as the ratio of gene expression between infected and uninfected HeLa cells. (c and d) Western immunoblot analysis of changes in protein expression levels of HeLa cells following Shigella infection. Cell lysis was carried out at the reported time points. Blots were probed with actin as a loading control