Clade breakdown of red fox lineages in Northern Eurasia and North America based on data from Aubry et al., 2009. The Nearctic clade is restricted to North America, while the Holarctic clade stretches from Europe, through Northern Asia, into Alaska and Western Canada. The zone of contact between Nearctic and Holarctic lineages in Western Canada is indicated. Point 1 is Novosibirsk, Russia; point 2 is Prince Edward Island, Canada.