Table 4.
Adjusted Models with Covariates: Outcomes as a Function of Incident Comorbidities
| Outcome | Incident comorbidity | Cancer N = 582 | Pulmonary disease N = 2,332 | Depression N = 2,959 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Covariate | Effect | 95% CI | Effect | 95% CI | Effect | 95% CI | |
| Hemoglobin A1c | Male | 0.16 | (-0.03, 0.35) | 0.02 | (-0.10, 0.13) | 0.02 | (-0.08, 0.13) |
| Black | 0.47 | (0.17, 0.76) | 0.18 | (-0.08, 0.44) | 0.34 | (0.07, 0.61) | |
| Hispanic | 0.12 | (-0.16, 0.40) | 0.20 | (0.02, 0.37) | 0.23 | (0.06, 0.40) | |
| Other race | 0.17 | (-0.37, 0.70) | 0.21 | (-0.05, 0.47) | -0.09 | (-0.39, 0.21) | |
| Unknown race | 0.16 | (-0.18, 0.50) | 0.28 | (0.15, 0.41) | 0.23 | (0.11, 0.35) | |
| Age (decade) | -0.33 | (-0.44, -0.22) | -0.33 | (-0.38, -0.27) | -0.28 | (-0.33, -0.24) | |
| BMI | 0.02 | (0.01, 0.03) | 0.00 | (-0.00, 0.01) | 0.01 | (0.0, 0.02) | |
| Number of conditions(29) | -0.02 | (-0.04, 0.00) | -0.04 | (-0.05, -0.03) | -0.05 | (-0.06, -0.04) | |
| Continuity of care(30) | -0.09 | (-0.29, 0.10) | -0.01 | (-0.13, 0.11) | -0.15 | (-0.25, -0.04) | |
| PC visits | 0.00 | (-0.00, 0.01) | 0.01 | (0.00, 0.01) | 0.00 | (0.00, 0.01) | |
| Specialist visits | -0.01 | (-0.01, -0.00) | -0.01 | (-0.01, -0.00) | -0.01 | (-0.01, -0.00) | |
| Systolic blood pressure | Male | -1.1 | (-3.1, 0.8) | -1.7 | (-2.7, -0.8) | -1.8 | (-2.6, -1.0) |
| Black | 3.7 | (0.6, 6.8) | 3.3 | (1.0, 5.5) | 5.2 | (3.1, 7.3) | |
| Hispanic | 0.4 | (-2.4, 3.3) | 0.3 | (-1.2, 1.8) | 1.0 | (-0.3, 2.3) | |
| Other race | -1.6 | (-4.8, 2.0) | 2.5 | (0.3, 4.8) | 0.1 | (-2.3, 2.4) | |
| Unknown race | -1.4 | (-4.8, 2.0) | 1.3 | (0.2, 2.4) | 0.7 | (-0.3, 1.6) | |
| Age (decade) | 2.8 | (1.7, 3.9) | 2.3 | (1.9, 2.8) | 3.0 | (2.6, 3.4) | |
| BMI | 0.6 | (0.5, 0.7) | 0.5 | (0.4, 0.5) | 0.4 | (0.4, 0.5) | |
| Number of conditions(29) | -0.4 | (-0.6, -0.2) | -0.4 | (-0.5, -0.3) | -0.5 | (-0.6, -0.4) | |
| Continuity of care(30) | -0.8 | (-2.4, 0.9) | 1.0 | (0.1, 2.0) | -1.2 | (-2.0, -0.3) | |
| PC visits | -0.1 | (-0.1, -0.0) | 0.0 | (-0.0, 0.0) | 0.0 | (-0.0, 0.0) | |
| Specialist visits | 0.0 | (-0.0, 0.0) | -0.0 | (-0.0, -0.0) | -0.0 | (-0.0, -0.0) | |
| Low-density lipoprotein | Male | -8.2 | (-12.1, -4.3) | -8.0 | (-10.2, -5.8) | -8.6 | (-10.6, -6.6) |
| Black | 1.5 | (-4.7, 7.7) | 8.4 | (3.2, 13.6) | 8.8 | (3.7, 13.9) | |
| Hispanic | -1.1 | (-6.9, 4.6) | 0.5 | (-3.0, 3.9) | -0.0 | (-3.2, 3.2) | |
| Other race | -0.9 | (-11.9, 10.1) | 1.4 | (-3.6, 6.5) | -3.4 | (-9.0, 2.2) | |
| Unknown race | 0.4 | (-6.7, 7.6) | 4.7 | (2.1, 7.3) | 4.7 | (2.5, 7.0) | |
| Age (decade) | 0.7 | (-1.6, 3.0) | -2.7 | (-3.7, -1.6) | -2.8 | (-3.7, -1.9) | |
| BMI | 0.0 | (-0.3, 0.3) | 0.1 | (-0.1, 0.2) | -0.0 | (-0.2, 0.1) | |
| Number of conditions (29) | -0.9 | (-1.4, -0.3) | -0.5 | (-0.7, -0.2) | -1.2 | (-1.4, -0.9) | |
| Continuity of care(30) | -3.5 | (-8.1, 1.2) | -1.4 | (-4.1, 1.3) | 1.5 | (-0.9, 3.9) | |
| PC visits | -0.2 | (-0.3, -0.0) | -0.1 | (-0.2, -0.1) | -0.0 | (-0.1, 0.1) | |
| Specialist visits | -0.0 | (-0.1, 0.1) | -0.1 | (-0.1, -0.0) | -0.0 | (-0.1, 0.0) | |