Figure 2.

Motor cortex coactivation correlates with disease activity and treatment. (A) Activation in the left central region in ‘2-back minus 0-back’ contrast was stronger in patients with JME with more active disease. The section on the left shows voxels, negatively correlated with time since last seizure (uncorrected, P < 0.05). Crosshair indicates voxel for which correlation is plotted on the right (R = −0.49). (B) Post hoc analysis of drug effects indicates a specific effect of valproate in JME. Left central activation decreased with increasing daily valproate dose (uncorrected, P < 0.05, R = −0.52). (C) Activity within the typical bilateral frontal and parietal working memory network, on the other hand, correlated positively with valproate dose, indicating a normalizing effect of valproate on the cortical activation pattern in JME (C, uncorrected, P < 0.05, R = 0.63).