Table I.

Summary of LTBI regimens in common use

Regimen	Efficacy (relative to placebo)#	Completion of therapy	Serious adverse events
			Type	Rate
INH: 6 months	69%12	50%6,8,54	Hepatitis	1 -5%23,68
INH: 9-12 months	90 – 93%12,17	<50%31,33,34,69	Hepatitis	1 -5%23,31,34,68
RIF&PZA: 2 months	Equal to 6 -12INH27,63	6% > 6-12INH*27	Hepatitis	3 -5%27,68,70
INH&RIF: 3-4 months	Equal to 6INH30,36	6% > 6-12INH**36	Hepatitis†	1 – 5%36,37
RIF: 3-4 months	65% ##30	22% > 9INH***31–34,71	Rash Hepatitis	1- 2%31,34
				<1%31,32,34

Superscript numerals denote reference nos.; INH, isoniazid, 6 INH, 6 months isoniazid; 6-12 INH, 6-12 months INH; PZA, Pyrazinamide; RIF, Rifampins;

^#Efficacy from placebo randomized trials. If trials were not placebo controlled then efficacy relative to INH is given;

^##Based on one placebo-controlled trial with 3 months rifampin (30);

^*Average 6% (range: -5 to 19%) better completion than with 6-12INH;

^**Average 6% (range: 3 to 12%) better completion than with 6–12INH;

^***Average 22% (range: 18 to 27%) better completion than with 9INH;

^†Hepatitis more frequent with INH&RIF than INH alone (37); Figures in parentheses denote Ref numbers