Table 6.
Effect of job stress on smoking decisions (binary) of recent smokers
| (1) OLS |
(2) FE |
(3) OLS |
(4) FE |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| High stress | 0.0230** (0.00952) |
0.0454*** (0.0137) |
0.0273** (0.0108) |
0.0441*** (0.0156) |
| Age | 0.0226 (0.0197) |
0.0606** (0.0294) |
0.0217 (0.0239) |
0.0461 (0.0341) |
| Age squared | −0.000209 (0.000171) |
−0.000388* (0.000222) |
−0.000205 (0.000208) |
−0.000361 (0.000265) |
| Black | −0.0270** (0.0116) |
- - |
−0.0277** (0.0128) |
- - |
| Other race | −0.0378 (0.0260) |
- - |
−0.0731** (0.0319) |
- - |
| Male | −0.0160* (0.00957) |
- - |
−0.0272** (0.0109) |
- - |
| Married | 0.0169 (0.0275) |
−0.0537 (0.0693) |
0.0163 (0.0296) |
-0.00462 (0.0939) |
| Partnered | 0.0388 (0.0324) |
−0.0433 (0.0690) |
0.0321 (0.0364) |
0.0265 (0.0932) |
| No spouse | 0.0231 (0.0279) |
0.00350 (0.0654) |
0.0122 (0.0300) |
0.0537 (0.0890) |
| Household income | −5.15e-05 (0.000763) |
0.000598 (0.00125) |
−0.00108 (0.00141) |
0.00129 (0.00196) |
| Years of education | −0.00487*** (0.00181) |
- - |
−0.00469** (0.00214) |
- - |
| Managerial | 0.00496 (0.0186) |
−0.0207 (0.0469) |
0.0129 (0.0217) |
0.0463 (0.0538) |
| Administrative | 0.0113 (0.0182) |
0.0189 (0.0506) |
0.0102 (0.0201) |
0.0997* (0.0563) |
| Sales | 0.00576 (0.0195) |
−0.0502 (0.0499) |
0.0170 (0.0231) |
0.0131 (0.0570) |
| Mechanical | 0.00651 (0.0198) |
−0.0598 (0.0515) |
0.00545 (0.0231) |
0.0386 (0.0672) |
| Service | 0.0119 (0.0184) |
0.0119 (0.0516) |
0.0149 (0.0208) |
0.0755 (0.0547) |
| Operator | 0.0387** (0.0184) |
−0.0178 (0.0495) |
0.0407** (0.0207) |
0.0522 (0.0545) |
| Farm | 0.0142 (0.0300) |
−0.114 (0.0750) |
0.0418 (0.0401) |
−0.145 (0.113) |
| Year 1994 | −0.155*** (0.0102) |
−0.183*** (0.0281) |
−0.133*** (0.0213) |
−0.107*** (0.0388) |
| Year 1996 | −0.0961*** (0.0108) |
−0.223*** (0.0552) |
−0.0831*** (0.0217) |
−0.121* (0.0677) |
| Year 1998 | −0.119*** (0.0133) |
−0.283*** (0.0815) |
−0.0957*** (0.0223) |
−0.144 (0.0961) |
| Year 2000 | −0.133*** (0.0174) |
−0.350*** (0.109) |
−0.104*** (0.0247) |
−0.172 (0.129) |
| Year 2002 | −0.125*** (0.0216) |
−0.393*** (0.139) |
−0.118*** (0.0260) |
−0.215 (0.163) |
| Year 2004 | −0.152*** (0.0282) |
−0.462*** (0.165) |
−0.111*** (0.0332) |
−0.221 (0.198) |
| Fair/poor health | 0.0112 (0.0131) |
−0.00244 (0.0191) |
||
| Number of health conditions | −0.0236*** (0.00482) |
−0.0819*** (0.0146) |
||
| Job tenure | −0.000116 (0.000426) |
−0.00110 (0.00104) |
||
| Pressure to retire | 0.00283 (0.00831) |
0.00998 (0.00982) |
||
| Preference to younger workers | 0.00484 (0.00725) |
0.00569 (0.00853) |
||
| Planning – next year | −0.0228 (0.0198) |
−0.0280 (0.0300) |
||
| Planning – next few years | 0.000173 (0.0107) |
0.0142 (0.0227) |
||
| Planning – next 5 to 10 years | −0.0326*** (0.0125) |
−0.0287 (0.0230) |
||
| Planning – longer than 10 years | −0.0346 (0.0226) |
−0.0332 (0.0343) |
||
| Planning missing | −0.0265 (0.0195) |
−0.0459 (0.0281) |
||
| Constant | 0.426 (0.566) |
−1.068 (1.068) |
0.489 (0.682) |
−0.424 (1.231) |
| Observations | 5,742 | 5,742 | 4,326 | 4,326 |
| Number of persons | 1,551 | 1,551 | 1,330 | 1,330 |
| R-squared | 0.053 | 0.110 | 0.063 | 0.129 |
Robust standard errors in parentheses;
***
p<0.01,
**
p<0.05,
*
p<0.1