TABLE 3.
Factors Associated with Prescribing Broad-Spectrum Antibiotics for Pediatric UTIs
| Factor | Broad-Spectrum Prescribing Rate | P | Adjusted Odds Ratio (95% CI), 1998–2007 | Adjusted Odds Ratioa (95% CI), 2003–2007 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | .01 | |||
| <2 | 0.52 | 3.7 (1.7–7.7)b | 6.4 (2.2–18.7)b | |
| 2–5 | 0.36 | 1.7 (0.9–3.3)b | 1.6 (0.5–4.5)b | |
| 6–12 | 0.27 | 1.2 (.6–2.6)b | 1.4 (0.5–3.7)b | |
| 13–17 | 0.23 | Reference | Reference | |
| Gender | .19 | |||
| Female | 0.33 | 2.0 (0.8–4.9)b | 3.6 (1.6–8.5)b | |
| Male | 0.23 | Reference | Reference | |
| Race | .36 | |||
| White | 0.33 | — | — | |
| Nonwhite | 0.27 | — | — | |
| Physician specialty | .17 | |||
| Pediatrics | 0.40 | Reference | Reference | |
| Family practice | 0.26 | 0.6 (0.3–1.4)b | 0.3 (0.1–1.1)b | |
| Emergency department/other | 0.30 | 0.7 (0.4–1.1) | 0.5 (0.2–1.4)b | |
| Region | .76 | |||
| Northeast | 0.33 | — | — | |
| Midwest | 0.27 | — | — | |
| South | 0.35 | — | — | |
| West | 0.29 | — | — | |
| Insurance | .41 | |||
| Private | 0.30 | — | — | |
| Nonprivate | 0.35 | — | — | |
| Major reason for visit | .40 | |||
| Acute/new problem | 0.33 | — | — | |
| Chronic problemb,c | 0.27 | — | — | |
| Otherb,c | 0.11 | — | — | |
| Temperature | .01 | |||
| <100.4°F | 0.57 | — | Reference | |
| ≥100.4°F | 0.31 | — | 2.9 (1.0–8.6)b | |
| Admission to hospital | .01 | |||
| No | 0.32 | — | — | |
| Yesc | 0.72 | — | — |
a
Subanalysis from 2003 to 2007 when temperature was available as a data point.
b
Relative SE >30%.
c
Fewer than 30 observations and therefore not included in multivariable analysis.