Table 3.

Examples of operational results and indicators to be used to compare results from the V&A and non V&A health facilities and communities

Objective 1: To evaluate the impact of the V&A approach on improving reproductive health behaviors and status and reducing inequities at the population level
Results	Indicators	Data source
Increase in clients using maternal health care services	Clients received ANC services from public health facility Clients received institutional safe delivery care (normal/vacuum/forceps/caesarean section) Clients received pregnancy related complications management from the designated facility Clients utilized PNC services Clients received facility-based care for managing life threatening complications Clients received key physical and laboratory examinations (weight, height, blood test, urine test, abdomen exam, sonogram or ultrasound, and anemia exam).	Service statistics Population survey
Improved attitudes of service providers towards poor women	Providers indicating non discriminatory attitudes Clients recommending services to others	Exit client interview CPI Population survey
Improved quality of services	Service waiting hours Round-the-clock service availability Maintaining privacy and confidentiality Availability of necessary service equipments and logistics	Client Provider Interaction Client exit Facility inventory
Reduced out-of-pocket expenses	Medicine cost Transport cost Unofficial charge by the providers	Population survey
Reduced disease burden	Proportion of untreated complicated pregnancies	Population survey
Objective 2: To assess the effect of the V&A approach on increasing access to, quality of, and reducing inequities in the use of selected RH services
Results	Indicators	Data source
Increased knowledge and skills of service providers on maternal health care issues	Recite proper schedule of TT and child immunization Life-threatening complications management Referral conditions for life-threatening conditions	Interviews with service providers
Increased awareness of clients on maternal health care issues among all clients and poor clients	Complications during pregnancy, delivery and post-partum period Number of ANC visits and schedule Schedule of Vitamin A capsule and iron tablet or syrup Schedule of TT and child immunization Breastfeeding	Population survey
Increased utilization of maternal health care services	Clients received ANC services from public health facility Clients received institutional safe delivery care (normal/vacuum/forceps/caesarean section) Clients received pregnancy related complications management from the designated facility Clients utilized PNC services Clients received facility-based care for managing life threatening complications Clients received key physical and laboratory examinations (weight, height, blood test, urine test, abdomen exam, sonogram or ultrasound, and anemia exam).	Population survey
Improved patient satisfaction with health care experiences	Perceived barriers to accessing services: costs, distance, quality, waiting times, privacy, confidentiality, respect, stigma surrounding service	Population survey Client exit