Table 1. Summary statistics (mean ± SE) for the empirical (n = 175) and permutated webs.

Statistic	Empirical webs	Permutation of predators	Permutation of prey
S	28.9±1.9	Identical to empirical webs
L	125.2±19.8	Identical to empirical webs
C	0.12±0	Identical to empirical webs
% Producers	27.9±1.25	Identical to empirical webs
% Intermediate	52.9±1.17	53.3±1.15	64.0±1.12
% Top	19.1±1.21	18.4±1.15	7.66±0.54
% Omnivores	35.3±1.67	74.9±1.69	74.8±1.39
Mean number of prey species per consumer	4.48±0.28	4.53±0.28	4.53±0.28
SD number of prey species per consumer	3.75±0.28	1.57±0.06	3.78±0.28
Mean number of consumers species per prey	2.94±0.18	2.97±0.06	2.97±0.06
SD number of consumers species per prey	2.47±0.13	2.45±0.13	1.39±0.03
Mean distance to primary producer (nb. links)	1.34±0.02	1.32±0.02	1.76±0.04
Max distance to primary producer (nb. links)	2.13±0.04	2.18±0.07	3.29±0.09

Each empirical web is permutated 100 times.