Table 5.
Relative risks for recommended health screening exams.
| Echocardiogram | Colonoscopy | Bone Density Exam | Mammogram | Pap Smear | Skin Exam | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| RR | 95% CI | p | RR | 95% CI | p | RR | 95% CI | p | RR | 95% CI | p | RR | 95% CI | p | RR | 95% CI | p | |
| Age | 1.02 | 1.01–1.03 | <0.0001 | 1.07 | 1.04–1.09 | <0.0001 | 1.06 | 1.04–1.07 | <0.0001 | 1.02 | 1.02–1.03 | <0.0001 | ||||||
| Insurance | ||||||||||||||||||
| No (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||||||||||||||
| Yes | 2.13 | 1.49–3.06 | <0.0001 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.15 | 1.06–1.25 | 0.001 | -- | -- | -- |
| Household Income | ||||||||||||||||||
| <20,000 (ref) | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.0 | 1.0 | ||||
| ≥20,000 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.12 | 1.04–1.20 | 0.002 | 1.47 | 1.21–1.79 | <0.0001 |
| BMI | ||||||||||||||||||
| Normal Range (ref) | 1.0 | 1.0 | -- | -- | -- | 1.0 | ||||||||||||
| Obese | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.67 | 0.54–0.82 | <0.0001 | 0.71 | 0.57–0.89 | 0.003 | -- | -- | -- | 0.78 | 0.68–0.89 | 0.0002 |
| Overweight | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 0.75 | 0.63–0.90 | 0.002 | 0.80 | 0.66–0.97 | 0.03 | -- | -- | -- | 0.85 | 0.76–0.95 | 0.004 |
| Underweight | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.12 | 0.87–1.43 | 0.39 | 0.86 | 0.65–1.15 | 0.31 | -- | -- | -- | 1.06 | 0.91–1.25 | 0.45 |
| Neurocognitive Problems | ||||||||||||||||||
| No Problems (ref) | 1.0 | |||||||||||||||||
| Memory | -- | -- | -- | 1.96 | 1.33–2.89 | <0.0001 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Emotional Problems | ||||||||||||||||||
| No Problems (ref) | 1.0 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||||
| Somatization | 1.53 | 1.32–1.77 | <0.0001 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
| Antidepressant Use | ||||||||||||||||||
| No | 1.0 | -- | -- | -- | ||||||||||||||
| Yes | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | 1.41 | 1.17–1.68 | 0.0002 | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- | -- |
Note: -- represents variables that did not remain in the model after the backward selection. Variables significant following Bonferroni adjustment for multiple comparisons are highlighted with bold font. Age used as a continuous variable (years). BMI classifications defined as: underweight = BMI<18.5, normal weight = BMI 18.5–24.9; overweight = BMI 25–29.9; obese = BMI≥30. Neurocognitive and emotional problems defined as a level of negative symptoms reported in ≤ 10% of standardization samples.