Table 1.
Associations Between Demographic Factors, Sensation Seeking, Mediators, and Outcomes
| Factor | Sensation seeking—M (SD) | Risk Perceptions—M (SD) | Negative Affect—M (SD) | Endorsed 30-day smoking (%) | Endorsed lifetime smoking (%) |
| Male | 7.2 (4.1)a | 4.3 (1.5)a | 5.7 (3.9)a | 19.0a | 23.9a |
| Female | 6.3 (3.5)b | 4.7 (1.4)b | 8.1 (3.8)b | 13.8b | 30.1b |
| Freshmen | 6.2 (4.1)a | 4.5 (1.6)a | 6.4 (4.0)a | 8.3a | 16.6a |
| Sophomores | 6.8 (3.7)a,b | 4.5 (1.6)a | 7.4 (4.1)b | 13.6b | 24.5b |
| Juniors | 7.0 (3.9)b | 4.5 (1.4)a | 7.1 (4.0)b | 21.9c | 32.4c |
| Seniors | 7.0 (3.7)b | 4.6 (1.3)a | 6.8 (3.9)a,b | 22.8c | 36.4c |
| Caucasian | 6.9 (3.8)a | 4.6 (1.2)a | 6.7 (4.0)a | 16.9a | 26.4a |
| Hispanic/Latino | 6.9 (3.7)a | 4.1 (1.3)b | 7.3 (4.2)a | 18.8a | 38.0b |
| Asian American | 5.1 (3.6)b | 4.7 (1.5)a | 7.4 (3.6)a | 10.4b | 13.7c |
| Other/Multiethnic | 6.8 (4.0)a | 4.4 (1.6)a,b | 7.0 (4.4)a | 16.0a | 29.0a |
Note. Means in the same column and for the same demographic variable that do not share subscripts differ at p < .05 on Tukey's honestly significant difference test or a χ2 test of proportions. For sensation seeking and negative affect, range = 0–16; for risk perceptions, range = 0–6.