Table 4.

Metabolite and hormone concentrations in plasma or serum in fed animals after 8 weeks of treatment

Metabolite	STC	STC + S	FAT	FAT + S	FRU	FRU + S	SUC	SUC + S
Plasma glucose (mmol/l)	8.49 ± 0.70	8.77 ± 0.34	8.82 ± 0.78	8.64 ± 0.64	9.92 ± 0.80	7.48 ± 0.31*	9.61 ± 0.43	7.35 ± 0.57*
Plasma-free fatty acids (mmol/l)	0.39 ± 0.03†,‡	0.38 ± 0.04	0.82 ± 0.1	0.44 ± 0.05*	0.55 ± 0.05†	0.42 ± 0.04	0.70 ± 0.04	0.35 ± 0.09*
Plasma triglycerides (mg/ml)	1.39 ± 0.24	1.23 ± 0.14	1.15 ± 0.13	0.95 ± 0.08	2.02 ± 0.39†	1.24 ± 0.19*	1.50 ± 0.26	1.24 ± 0.18
Plasma insulin (pmol/l)	80 ± 16	35 ± 7	150 ± 47	53 ± 15*	83 ± 22	51 ± 9	89 ± 33	36 ± 9
Plasma IGF-1 (ng/ml)	939 ± 50†	780 ± 47*	736 ± 52	759 ± 60	955 ± 46†	724 ± 60*	936 ± 44†	754 ± 64*
Serum adiponectin (μg/ml)	9.0 ± 0.5§	9.1 ± 0.5||	8.1 ± 0.4	8.7 ± 0.5	6.7 ± 0.3	7.4 ± 0.4	9.6 ± 0.6§	9.4 ± 0.7||

Values are means ± SEM. FAT, fat; FRU, fructose; S, salt; STC, starch; SUC, sucrose; IGF-1, insulin-like growth factor-1.

^*P <0.05 vs. same diet with low salt.

^†P <0.05 vs. FAT.

^‡P <0.05 vs. SUC.

^§P <0.05 vs. FRU.

^||P <0.05 vs. FRU + S.