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Permeabilising Sonication Regimens that Produced Significant Increases in Caffeine Permeation
| Application | Total Duration (s) | Duty Cycle (%) | Mean Temperature Rise (°C) | Enhancement Ratio |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Pretreatment | 5 | 100 | 0.8 | 1.90 |
| Pretreatment | 90 | 33 | 4.3 | 1.78 |
| Concurrent | 300 | 10 | 2.9 | 3.88 |
| Concurrent | 1200 | 10 | 3.1 | 3.03 |
| Pretreatment | 1200 | 10 | 3.2 | 1.92 |
