. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 May 31.

Published in final edited form as: Appl Ontol. 2010 Nov 15;5(3-4):139–188. doi: 10.3233/AO-2010-0079

Table 1.

List of primitive classes and relations in Woodger’s axiomatization of biology

Primitive classes	Primitive relations
Cell	Part of
Male gamete	Earlier than
Female gamete	Derives by division or fusion from
Whole organism	Environment of
Organized unity
Genetic property