Table 4.
Comparison of the no-scan subjects to the scan subjects with a zero CAC score.
| Parameters | Study Group at Baseline | No-Scan Group | CAC 0 | P-Values |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CAD risk factors | ||||
| Baseline SBP (mm/Hg) | All subjects | 130 (119, 142) | 128 (118, 140) | 0.14 |
| Change in SBP (mm/Hg) | All subjects | -5 (-16, 6) | -4 (-16, 5) | 0.73 |
| Baseline DBP (mm/Hg) | All subjects | 81 (75, 89) | 80 (74, 88) | 0.14 |
| Change in DBP (mm/Hg) | All subjects | -4 (-12, 4) | -4 (-11, 5) | 0.09 |
| Baseline CHOL (mg/dl) | All subjects | 213 (187, 238) | 214 (190, 239) | 0.31 |
| Change in CHOL (mg/dl) | All subjects | -16 (-44, 7) | -15 (-42, 9) | 0.45 |
| Baseline LDL (mg/dl) | All subjects | 130 (109, 155) | 133 (111, 156) | 0.29 |
| Change in LDL (mg/dl) | All subjects | -11 (-41, 10) | -12 (-37, 10) | 0.87 |
| Baseline HDL (mg/dl) | All subjects | 53 (42, 65) | 54 (44, 67) | 0.14 |
| Change in HDL (mg/dl) | All subjects | -1 (-7, 5) | -1 (-7, 5) | 0.42 |
| Baseline Triglycerides (mg/dl) | All subjects | 113 (78, 166) | 106 (78, 154) | 0.17 |
| Change in triglycerides (mg/dl) | All subjects | -9 (-37, 14) | -8 (-35, 14) | 0.81 |
| Baseline glucose (mg/dl) | All subjects | 94 (86, 101) | 91 (85, 98) | <0.001 |
| Change in glucose (mg/dl) | All subjects | -2 (-8, 6) | -1 (-8, 6) | 0.27 |
| Baseline weight | BMI ≥25 | 186 (167, 210) | 186 (165, 206) | 0.60 |
| Change in weight | BMI ≥25 | 1 (-5, 8) | 1 (-5, 8) | 0.87 |
| Baseline WC (inches) | M>40,W>35 | 41 (38, 43) | 41 (37.8, 43) | 0.91 |
| Change in WC (inches) | M>40,W>35 | 1 (-2, 3) | -0.5 (-3.8, 2) | 0.003 |
| Quit Smoking | Smokers | 16/36 (44%) | 15/27 (56%) | 0.38 |
| Exercise ≥3 times/week | Non-exercisers | 95/266 (36%) | 92/284 (32%) | 0.41 |
| Baseline FRS | All subjects | 6 (2, 12) | 4 (2, 8) | <0.001 |
| Change in FRS | All subjects | 0 (0, 2) | 0 (-1, 2) | 0.22 |
| New medications | ||||
| Lipid medications | No lipid meds | 109/441 (25%) | 94/505 (19%) | 0.02 |
| Hypertension medications | No BP meds | 77/419 (18%) | 91/459 (20%) | 0.59 |
| Diabetic medications | No diabetic meds | 15/595 (3%) | 12/617 (2%) | 0.50 |
| Aspirin | No aspirin | 39/525 (7%) | 28/560 (5%) | 0.10 |
| Medication adherence | ||||
| Lipid medications | On lipid meds | 145/168 (86%) | 96/120 (80%) | 0.15 |
| Hypertension medications | On BP meds | 173/192 (90%) | 157/167 (94%) | 0.18 |
| Diabetic medications | On diabetic meds | 26/28 (93%) | 14/14 (100%) | 0.55 |
| Aspirin | On aspirin | 26/84 (31%) | 15/65 (23%) | 0.29 |
| Performed procedures | ||||
| Rest ECG | All subjects | 380 (61.0%) | 341 (54.0%) | 0.01 |
| Stress Nuclear | All subjects | 62 (10.0%) | 38 (6.0%) | 0.01 |
| Stress Echo | All subjects | 102 (16.4%) | 70 (11.1%) | 0.007 |
| Any Stress Test | All subjects | 211 (33.9%) | 155 (24.6%) | <0.001 |
| Cardiac CT | All subjects | 44 (7.1%) | 44 (7.0%) | 0.95 |
| Carotid Ultrasound | All subjects | 88 (14.1%) | 76 (12.0%) | 0.28 |
| Cardiac catheterization | All subjects | 18 (2.9%) | 7 (1.1%) | 0.02 |
| Coronary revascularization | All subjects | 11 (1.8%) | 1 (0.2%) | 0.003 |
| Medical costs (in US dollars) | ||||
| Procedure costs | All subjects | 712 (523, 901) | 447 (351, 543) | 0.001 |
| Medication costs | All subjects | 2,937 (2,620, 3,254) | 2,176 (1,922, 2,429) | 0.005 |
| Lipid lowering medications | All subjects | 721 (625, 817) | 581 (491, 671) | 0.02 |
| Hypertension medications | All subjects | 761 (659, 863) | 722 (623, 820) | 0.78 |
| Diabetic medications | All subjects | 545 (415, 675) | 367 (259, 476) | 0.02 |
| Aspirin | All subjects | 26 (20, 33) | 16 (11, 21) | 0.02 |
| All costs | All subjects | 3,649 (3,263, 4,035) | 2,623 (2,343, 2,903) | 0.001 |