Figure 4. Identification of p-BQ-protein adducts and detection of oxidative stress in bone marrow cells of guinea pigs.

(Panel A) p-BQ protein adducts in the bone marrow cells of CS-exposed guinea pigs on day 21 in vivo. (Panel B) p-BQ protein adducts in CS-exposed guinea pigs at different time period in vivo. (Panel C) p-BQ protein adducts formed in marrow cells in vitro after incubation with p-BQ and AECS (aqueous extract of cigarette smoke), respectively; M, marker (cropped). (Panel D) ROS production in MDS guinea pigs at different time periods, as evidenced by flow cytometry. The X-axis represents the intensity of dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (H₂DCFDA). (Panel E) Protein oxidation as evidenced by oxyblot indicating formation of protein carbonyl. (Panel F) DNA oxidation as evidenced by the formation of 8-oxodG; upper row: green fluorescence indicates formation of 8-oxodG; lower row: stained with DAPI; (magnification 200×). (Panel G) Quantitative evaluation of 8-oxodG; * indicates significant difference from 0 and 7 days. Vit C means vitamin C.