TABLE 1.
Clinicopathological characteristics of matched radical retropubic prostatectomy (RRP), laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) and robot-assisted radical prostatectomy (RARP) patients
| Characteristic | Surgical technique |
P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RRP | LRP | RARP | ||
| Patients (n) | 522 | 522 | 522 | |
| Mean follow-up (years) | 2.5 ± 1.6 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.3 ± 0.6 | |
| Matched variables | ||||
| Age (years) | 0.496‡KW | |||
| Mean ± SD | 58.8 ± 6.1 | 58.4 ± 6.4 | 58.3 ± 6.3 | |
| Median | 59 | 59 | 59 | |
| Range | 40–73 | 40–77 | 35–77 | |
| Race | 0.135 | |||
| Caucasian | 454 (87.0) | 429 (82.2) | 435 (83.3) | |
| African-American | 46 (8.8) | 72 (13.8) | 62 (11.9) | |
| Other | 22 (4.2) | 21 (4.0) | 25 (4.8) | |
| PSA (ng/mL) | 0.929‡KW | |||
| Mean ± SD | 5.4 ± 3.2 | 5.4 ± 2.7 | 5.4 ± 3.2 | |
| Median | 4.9 | 4.8 | 4.8 | |
| Range | 0.2–35.6 | 0.3–26.0 | 0.2–37.9 | |
| Biopsy Gleason score (%) | 0.192‡ | |||
| ≥6 | 371 (71.1) | 390 (74.7) | 394 (75.5) | |
| 7 | 140 (26.8) | 114 (21.8) | 114 (21.8) | |
| 8–9 | 11 (2.1) | 18 (3.4) | 14 (2.7) | |
| Clinical stage (%) | 0.778‡ | |||
| cT1 | 423 (81.0) | 414 (79.3) | 417 (79.9) | |
| cT2 | 99 (19.0) | 108 (20.7) | 105 (20.1) | |
| Unmatched variables | ||||
| Pathology weight (g) | <0.0001KW | |||
| Mean ± SD | 54 ± 17 | 52 ± 18 | 49 ± 16 | |
| Median | 51 | 48 | 46 | |
| Range | 12–150 | 13–130 | 15–150 | |
| Prostatectomy Gleason score (%) | <0.001 | |||
| ≥6 | 316 (60.5) | 380 (72.8) | 306 (58.6) | |
| 7 | 177 (33.9) | 122 (23.4) | 188 (36.0) | |
| 8–9 | 29 (5.6) | 20 (3.8) | 28 (5.4) | |
| Extraprostatic extension | 158 (30.3) | 82 (15.7) | 136 (26.1) | <0.001 |
| Seminal vesicle invasion | 18 (3.4) | 10 (1.9) | 17 (3.3) | 0.271 |
| Lymph node invasion | 5 (1.0) | 1 (0.2) | 0 (0) | 0.030 |
| Positive surgical margin | 75 (14.4) | 68 (13.0) | 102 (19.5) | 0.010 |
*
Indicates test for comparison among the three age cohorts. All tests are chi-squared, unless stated otherwise.
‡
Indicates matched variables. KW, Kruskal–Wallis test.