Table 1. Major organic functional groups present in samples and standards.

	Energy (e)	Transition	Functional group	Cell	Particles	Stalk	Loihi stalk
a	285.2	1s → π*C=C	Unsaturated or aromatic C	x	x	x
	285.4	1s → π*C=C	Unsaturated or aromatic C				x
b	287.3	1s → σ	Aliphatic C, aromatic carbonyl, aromatic hydroxyl, other oxygenated groups	x	x	x	x
c	288.2	1s → π*C=O	Amide (peptide bond)	x
	288.4–288.5	1s → π*C=O	Carboxyl, ester		x	x	x
d	288.6	1s → π*C=O	Carboxyl (polysaccharide)
e	289.3	1s → σ*	Alcohol, aliphatic ether	x
	290.2	1s → π*C=O	Carbonate