Table 4.
Infections and Causes of Death in Patients with Severe Aplastic Anemia
| Variable | Total(n=174) | Group 1(n=43) | Group 2(n=51) | Group 3(n=80) |
| Infection | ||||
| Pneumonia | ||||
| Bacteriala | 6 (3) | 3 (7) | 2 (4) | 1 (1) |
| Fungalb | 18 (10) | 13 (30) | 3 (6) | 2 (3) |
| Viral | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Sinusitis | ||||
| Bacterialc | 4 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 4 (5) |
| Fungald | 12 (7) | 7 (16) | 1 (2) | 4 (5) |
| Mucocutaneous HSV | 20 (11) | 0 (0) | 13 (25) | 7 (9) |
| Viral respiratory infectionse | 6 (3) | 0 (0) | 3 (6) | 3 (4) |
| GI parasitic infectionsf | 18 (10) | 6 (14) | 8 (16) | 4 (5) |
| Pulmonary tuberculosis | 2 (1) | 2 (5) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Ecthyma | ||||
| Bacterialg | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Fungalh | 1 (1) | 1 (2) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) |
| Meningitisi | 2 (1) | 0 (0) | 0 (0) | 2 (3) |
| Total deaths | 84 (48) | 37 (86) | 25 (49) | 22 (28) |
| Infection-related deathsj | 39 (22) | 16 (37) | 14 (27) | 9 (11) |
| Fungalj | 17 (10) | 8 (19) | 7 (14) | 2 (3) |
| Sepsis | 16 (9) | 4 (9) | 6 (12) | 6 (8) |
| Pneumonia | 6 (3) | 4 (9) | 1 (2) | 1 (1) |
| Hemorrhage | 6 (3) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) |
| MDS/leukemia | 6 (3) | 1 (2) | 2 (4) | 3 (4) |
| HSCT | 16 (9) | 5 (12) | 4 (8) | 7 (9) |
NOTE. Causes of death were attributed by the patient's primary care physician. Causes of death not confirmed to be infectious, secondary to other co-morbidities, surgeries, accidents or of unknown causes are not depicted.GI, gastrointestinal tract; HSCT, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation;HSV, herpes simplex virus; MDS, myelodysplasia.
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (2), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (3), and Mycobacteria avium (1).
Aspergillus species (4), Aspergillus fumigatus (1), Aspergillus flavus (1), Aspergillus versicolor (1), Aspergillus terreus (2), Acremonium species (1), Zygomycetes (3), Fusarium (3), Cryptococcus neoformans (1), and Mucor species (1).
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (3) and Achromobacter xylosxidans (1).
Aspergillus specis (3), A. flavus (4), A. terreus (1), Fusarium species (3), and Alternaria species (1).
Respiratory syncytial virus (1), influenza type A (2), and adenovirus (1).
Ascaris lumbroicoides (3), Hookworm (1), Trichuris trichuiuria (2), Giardia lamblia (4), Blastocystis hominins (6), and Entamoeba coli (2).
Stenotrophomonas maltophilia (1).
A. fumigatus (1).
Eschercheria coli.
P< 0.01