Crystal structures of the targets are labeled by their PDB accession codes. 1mui is a lopinavir-bound crystal structure of wild-type HIV protease (Stoll et al., 2002 ▶). 2ien is a darunavir-bound crystal structure of wild-type HIV protease (Tie et al., 2004 ▶). 3kfn is a complex of wild-type HIV protease with TL-3 and allosteric fragment 4D9 (Perryman et al., 2010 ▶). 1b11 is a TL-3-bound crystal structure of wild-type FIV protease (Li et al., 2000 ▶). 4fiv is an Lp-130-bound crystal structure of wild-type FIV protease (Kervinen et al., 1998 ▶). All energies are in kcal mol−1 (1 kcal mol−1 = 4.184 kJ mol−1).