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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2012 Dec 15.
Published in final edited form as: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2011 Dec 15;36(26):2324–2332. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0b013e31820bfb9a

Figure 1.

Figure 1

Primary outcomes over time for ‘High school or less’, ‘Some college’ and ‘College grad or above’.

  • The surgery p-value compares ‘High school or less,’ ‘Some college’ and ‘College grad or above’ among Surgery patients.
  • The non-operative p-value compares ‘High school or less,’ ‘Some college’ and ‘College grad or above’ among Non-operative patients.
  • The interaction p-value compares treatment effect (surgery vs. non-operative) among ‘High school or less,’ ‘Some college’ and ‘College grad or above’

* P-values are time-weighted averages at 4 years (area under the curve p-values)