Table 1.
Characteristics of the Cohort
| Characteristic | All Participants N = 2,966 |
Blacks n = 1,622 |
Whites n = 1,344 |
P-Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female, % | 67 | 68 | 66 | .22 |
| Age, mean ± SD | 75.7 ± 6.0 | 75.8 ± 6.2 | 75.5 ± 5.9 | .14 |
| Years of education, mean ± SD | 9.2 ± 7.2 | 8.0 ± 7.4 | 10.5 ± 6.7 | <.001 |
| Adequacy of finances, mean ± SD* | 1.2 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | <.001 |
| Married, % | 37 | 33 | 41 | <.001 |
| Medical conditions | ||||
| Obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m2), % | 19 | 25 | 11 | <.001 |
| Arthritis, % | 56 | 59 | 54 | <.01 |
| Hip fracture, % | 4 | 2 | 5 | <.001 |
| Other fracture % | 3 | 3 | 5 | <.001 |
| Vision problems, % | 9 | 8 | 9 | .22 |
| Diabetes mellitus, % | 19 | 23 | 14 | <.001 |
| Stroke, % | 8 | 8 | 8 | .42 |
| Heart attack, % | 15 | 14 | 17 | .04 |
| Cognitive impairment | 10 | 11 | 9 | .06 |
| Activity of daily living disability, % | 18 | 20 | 15 | <.001 |
*
Based on response to “How well does the amount of money you (or your husband or wife) have take care of your needs?” poorly = 1, fairly well = 2, very well = 3.
SD = standard deviation.