Table 1.
Baseline Patient Characteristics (Overall and by Baseline Cocaine Status)
| Characteristic | All patients (n = 162) | Cocaine Negative at Baseline (n = 107) | Cocaine Positive at Baseline (n = 55) | p |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, mean (SD) | 36.0 (9.3) | 36.2 (9.7) | 35.6 (8.6) | .72 |
|
| ||||
| % Male, (n) | 78% (126) | 79% (85) | 74% (41) | .49 |
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| Race/Ethnicity | ||||
| % White | 76% (124) | 81% (87) | 67% (37) | |
| % Black | 14% (22) | 8% (9) | 24% (13) | |
| % Hispanic | 9% (14) | 9% (10) | 7% (4) | .046 |
|
| ||||
| % High school education or greater | 82% (131) | 80% (85) | 85% (46) | .44 |
|
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| Monthly income, mean (SD) | $1379 (1490) | $1400 (1531) | $1338 (1418) | .80 |
|
| ||||
| % Full-time employed | 48% (77) | 48% (51) | 48% (26) | .99 |
|
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| Years of opioid use, mean (SD) | 8.l (8.0) | 8.5 (8.7) | 7.3 (6.7) | .39 |
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| Opioid Use Type | ||||
| % Primarily heroin | 78% (126) | 74% (79) | 86% (47) | |
| % Primarily prescription opioid | 22% (36) | 26% (28) | 14% (8) | .09 |
|
| ||||
| % Injection drug use at entry | 31% (49) | 35% (36) | 24% (13) | .17 |
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| % Prior methadone maintenance | 34% (54) | 38% (39) | 26% (14) | .12 |
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| Days opioid use prior to treatment, mean (SD) | 28.3 (4.7) | 28.2 (4.7) | 28.4 (4.7) | .81 |
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| Days cocaine use prior to treatment, mean (SD) | 1.6 (3.6) | 3.3 (3.9) | 0.8 (3.1) | <.001 |
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| % positive for benzodiazepines during induction | 14% (23) | 9% (10) | 24% (13) | .01 |