TABLE 4.

Criteria for diagnosis of major depressive disorder (DSM-IV)

Criteria
Five or more of the following symptoms must be present during the same 2-wk period; at least 1 of the symptoms is either (1) or (2).
Cardinal symptoms
1. Depressed mood most of the day, nearly every day.
2. Loss of interest or pleasure in most activities, nearly every day.
Other associated symptoms
3. Significant weight loss or gain (>5% of body weight in 1 mo).
4. Insomnia or hypersomnia nearly every day.
5. Psychomotor agitation or retardation nearly every day (not merely feelings of restlessness or being slowed down).
6. Fatigue or loss of energy nearly every day.
7. Feelings of worthlessness or excessive guilt nearly every day.
8. Diminished concentration, or indecisiveness, nearly every day.
9. Recurrent thoughts of death (not just fear of dying) or suicidal ideation.

Adapted from the American Psychiatric Association.⁵⁷