Figure 2.

Diagram of metabolic pathways. FBP is the major regulatory metabolite for glycolysis. It influences its own production and pyruvate, to stimulation more glucose consumption. Pyruvate can be converted into lactate or further be processed to enter the TCA cycle. Alternative pathways of glucose use are the PPP, glycogen synthesis and glycosylation of proteins. The oxidative PPP is unidirectional and generates NADPH, whereas the non-oxidative PPP is reversible, allowing excess ribose to be converted into glycolytic intermediates or ribose generation from intermediates. B) Glucose uptake assay was performed as described in methods. Glucose uptake is shown for CD4+ T cells as the ratio of GFP+/GFP− (HIV-1+ positive/HIV-1 negative cells) and the ratio of U1/U937 macrophages (HIV-1 producing/control cells). Three independent experiments were done in triplicate for each cell type. Data displayed as Log₂ converted and SEM.