Fig. 7.

Fungicide fludioxonil prevents conidia germination, SakA dephosphorylation and nuclear division in a SakA-dependent manner.

A. Conidia from wild-type strain CLK43 were inoculated in MM in the absence (−) or the presence (+) of fludioxonil (2 µg ml⁻¹) for up to 4 h. Samples were taken at indicated time points and examined by light microscopy.

B. Fludioxonil-treated samples from (A) were collected, frozen with liquid nitrogen and processed for immunodetection as in Fig. 6.

C. Conidia from strains CLK43 (WT), TOL1 (ΔsakA) and TFLΔatfA-02 (ΔatfA) were used to inoculate 50 ml of cultures plus and minus fludioxonil, incubated for 6 h and fixed. Nuclei were stained with DAPI and examined by phase-contrast (grey panels) and fluorescence microscopy (dark panels). Arrowheads indicate the presence of two nuclei in a single germinated spore.Bars = 10 µm.