Table 1.

Improvement of skin laxity by radiofrequency

Methods/devices	Best outcome	References
Bipolar radiofrequency system	5%–15% improvement of facial skin elasticity	Willey et al40
Fractional radiofrequency system bipolar	16% improvement in facial skin laxity scoring	Alexiades-Armenakas et al41
Monopolar radiofrequency system	Improvement in overall appearance	Bogle et al42
Intense pulsed optical energy and conducted bipolar radiofrequency	Subjective improvement in 89.5% of subjects	Yu et al43
Intense pulsed optical energy and conducted bipolar radiofrequency	62.9% improvement in facial skin laxity scoring	Sadick et al44
Combined radiofrequency and diode laser system	Clinically modest improvement	Doshi and Alster45