Table 2.
Behavior of antimicrobial sensitivity of Gram-negative bacteria isolated in the period 1994–2008
| 1994 | 1995 | 1996 | 1997 | 1998 | 1999 | 2000 | 2001 | 2002 | 2003 | 2004 | 2005 | 2006 | 2007 | 2008 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| E. coli, all cultures | |||||||||||||||
| n | 74 | 72 | 55 | 93 | 64 | 61 | 38 | 44 | 39 | 57 | 53 | 59 | 63 | 69 | 69 |
| Ampicillin | 60.8 | 59.7 | 52.7 | 72.0 | 53.1 | 63.9 | 55.3 | 65.9 | 61.5 | 33.3 | 58.5 | 62.1 | 63.5 | 60.3 | 70.1 |
| Amoxy-clav | 5.4 | 16.7 | 3.6 | 11.8 | 7.8 | 14.8 | 15.8 | 0 | 0 | 3.5 | 9.4 | 6.8 | 7.9 | 17.4 | 13.4 |
| Piperacillin | 40.5 | 40.3 | 41.8 | 61.3 | 37.5 | 45.9 | 36.8 | 56.8 | 46.2 | 63.8 | 53.9 | – | – | – | – |
| Ceftazidime | 5.4 | 4.2 | 0 | 4.3 | 0 | 13.1 | 5.3 | 0 | 2.6 | 5.3 | 3.8 | 1.7 | 0 | 3.2 | 14 |
| Cefepime | 2.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 11.5 | 0 | 0 | 2.6 | 3.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 | 7.3 |
| Meropenem | – | – | – | – | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Imipenem | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Amikacin | 1.4 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1.9 | 0 | 1.6 | 0 | 1.4 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 31.5 | 35.2 | 29.1 | 38.7 | 26.6 | 42.6 | 28.9 | 36.4 | 38.5 | 26.1 | – | 9.1 | 49.3 | 40.6 | |
| Cotrimoxazole | 44.6 | 40.3 | 49.1 | 53.8 | 40.6 | 57.4 | 39.5 | 47.7 | 48.7 | 35.1 | 34.0 | 51.7 | 52.4 | 56.5 | 50.7 |
| Non-inducible Enterobacteriaceae, all cultures | |||||||||||||||
| n | 16 | 15 | 25 | 27 | 28 | 22 | 11 | 12 | 7 | 11 | 24 | 13 | 19 | 19 | 13 |
| Ampicillin | 68.8 | 80 | 80 | 70.4 | 78.6 | 68.2 | 90.9 | 75 | 85.7 | 54.6 | 75.0 | 84.6 | 78.9 | 81.3 | 69.2 |
| Amoxy-clav | 12.5 | 26.7 | 16.0 | 7.4 | 3.6 | 9.1 | 0 | 8.3 | 14.3 | 0 | 16.7 | 30.8 | 5.3 | 26.3 | 16.7 |
| Piperacillin | 31.3 | 33.3 | 20.0 | 29.6 | 35.7 | 27.3 | 36.4 | 33.3 | 14.3 | 9.1 | 20.8 | – | – | – | – |
| Ceftazidime | 25.0 | 6.7 | 12.0 | 9.0 | 17.9 | 9.1 | 9.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Cefepime | 6.7 | 9.1 | 0 | 0 | 3.6 | 4.5 | 0 | 8.3 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Meropenem | – | – | – | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 0 |
| Imipenem | 0 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Amikacin | 0 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 4.5 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.7 | 5.3 | 5.3 | 0 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 12.5 | 0 | 0 | 38.7 | 10.7 | 4.5 | 36.4 | 25.0 | 14.3 | 0 | – | – | 0 | 10.5 | 7.7 |
| Cotrimoxazole | 12.5 | 6.7 | 12.0 | 30.0 | 28.6 | 13.6 | 45.5 | 33.3 | 14.3 | 9.1 | 16.7 | 7.7 | 15.8 | 15.8 | 23.1 |
| Inducible Enterobacteriaceae, all cultures | |||||||||||||||
| n | 36 | 37 | 26 | 20 | 26 | 15 | 12 | 18 | 10 | 16 | 16 | 17 | 22 | 16 | 19 |
| Ampicillin | 94.4 | 80.6 | 84.6 | 85.0 | 72.7 | 73.3 | 83.3 | 88.9 | 80.0 | 100 | 81.3 | 94.1 | 95.5 | 93.8 | 78.9 |
| Amoxy-clav | 88.9 | 75.0 | 84.6 | 85.0 | 72.7 | 86.7 | 66.7 | 77.8 | 80.0 | 68.8 | 62.5 | 88.2 | 81.8 | 87.5 | 57.9 |
| Piperacillin | 72.2 | 48.6 | 30.8 | 15.0 | 36.4 | 13.3 | 16.7 | 22.2 | 10.0 | 75.1 | 37.5 | – | – | – | – |
| Ceftazidime | 75.0 | 35.1 | 30.8 | 15.0 | 31.8 | 13.3 | 8.3 | 11.1 | 10.0 | 62.8 | 37.5 | 47.1 | 36.4 | 37.5 | 35.5 |
| Cefepime | 13.9 | 0 | 7.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 0 | 17.6 | 4.5 | 12.5 | 12.5 |
| Meropenem | – | – | – | – | 4.6 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.9 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
| Imipenem | 0 | 0 | 0 | 5.0 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Amikacin | 36.1 | 18.9 | 0 | 5.0 | 18.2 | 6.7 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 18.8 | 6.3 | 11.8 | 13.6 | 0 | 15.8 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 52.8 | 24.3 | 15.4 | 10.0 | 31.8 | 6.7 | 33.3 | 5.6 | 10.0 | 60.0 | - | 33.3 | 25.0 | 33.3 | |
| Cotrimoxazole | 52.8 | 33.3 | 11.5 | 10.0 | 40.9 | 6.7 | 0 | 5.6 | 10.0 | 50.0 | 31.3 | 35.3 | 22.7 | 31.3 | 47.4 |
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa, all cultures | |||||||||||||||
| n | 15 | 7 | 13 | 14 | 11 | 8 | 3 | 10 | 6 | 8 | 10 | 5 | 14 | 7 | 9 |
| Piperacillin | 0 | 14.3 | 0 | 14.3 | 18.2 | 12.5 | – | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 10.0 | – | – | – | – |
| Ceftazidime | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 9.1 | 12.5 | – | 0 | 0 | 12.5 | 20.0 | 0 | 28.6 | 14.3 | 11.1 |
| Cefepime | 53.3 | 25.0 | 0 | 14.3 | 9.1 | 12.5 | – | 0 | 0 | 25.0 | 10.0 | 20.0 | 21.4 | 14.3 | 11.1 |
| Imipenem | 0 | 14.3 | 15.4 | 21.4 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| Meropenem | – | – | – | – | 18.2 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 25.0 | 10.0 | 20.0 | 7.1 | 14.3 | 33.3 |
| Amikacin | 0 | 0 | 0 | 7.1 | 0 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 25.0 | 10.0 | 0 | 7.1 | 0 | 11.1 |
| Ciprofloxacin | 6.7 | 16.7 | 0 | 7.1 | 18.2 | 0 | – | 0 | 0 | 0 | – | – | 100 | 14.3 | 22.2 |
Notes: n, number of isolates; –, not tested; Shown results indicate decreased sensitivity.