Images of Dipsacales examined in this study: V. plicatum (A–C), V. plicatum aestivation in bud (B) and floral diagram (C), D. sessilifolia (D), W. florida (E), petal arrangement of Diervilleae (F), L. morrowii (G), L. × bella (H), L. periclymenum (I), L. sempervirens (J), and general petal arrangement in Lonicera (K). In (B) and (C), numbers indicate the order of dissected petals. In (F) and (K), D = dorsal, L = lateral, V = ventral. Photos taken by D. G. Howarth (A, B, G, H, J), M. J. Donoghue (E, I) and Alan Cressler (D).