Table 6.
Original Dams PPD 1 Maternal Behavior: Litter Prenatal Exposure Effects
| Pup-directed maternal behaviors | Litter prenatal exposure condition
|
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CC | CS | IC | IS | UN | ||
| Crouch | Frequency | 5.9 ± 0.7 | 6.1 ± 0.6 | 7.3 ± 0.6 | 7.0 ± 0.7 | 6.6 ± 0.6 |
| Duration (s) | 646.0 ± 65.3 | 589.0 ± 64.3 | 803.9 ± 64.6 | 707.6 ± 65.2 | 715.1 ± 59.2 | |
| Latency (s) | 472.5 ± 76.6 | 524.4 ± 77.3 | 492.6 ± 77.5 | 699.2 ± 75.7 | 566.0 ± 70.3 | |
| Lick pups | Frequency | 4.3 ± 0.7 | 5.1 ± 0.7 | 3.9 ± 0.7 | 4.2 ± 0.7 | 5.2 ± 0.6 |
| Duration (s) | 58.0 ± 10.8 | 65.1 ± 10.5 | 42.8 ± 10.7 | 61.1 ± 10.7 | 60.7 ± 9.8 | |
| Latency (s) | 682.2 ± 89.9 | 663.4 ± 87.9 | 637.5 ± 88.9 | 582.5 ± 88.8 | 638.8 ± 81.5 | |
| Touch/sniff pups | Frequency | 22.4 ± 1.3 | 23.9 ± 1.2 | 21.3 ± 1.3 | 21.3 ± 1.2 | 24.4 ± 1.2 |
| Duration (s) | 110.9 ± 9.7 | 136.8 ± 9.5 | 107.7 ± 9.6 | 109.5 ± 9.5 | 130.1 ± 8.8 | |
| Latency (s) | 32.9 ± 4.5 | 19.6 ± 7.3 | 39.3 ± 7.4 | 22.5 ± 7.3 | 31.1 ± 6.8 | |
| Nest-build | Frequency | 7.5 ± 1.7 | 12.7 ± 1.7 | 12.5 ± 1.7 | 10.2 ± 1.7 | 12.0 ± 1.6 |
| Duration (s) | 56.8 ± 15.2 s | 117.1 ± 14.8 | 105.5 ± 15.0 sc | 76.0 ± 15.0 | 89.8 ± 13.7 | |
| Latency (s) | 613.7 ± 81.0 | 434.5 ± 79.2 | 408.9 ± 80.1 | 532.2 ± 80.0 | 556.4 ± 73.5 | |
|
| ||||||
| Nonmaternal behaviors | ||||||
|
| ||||||
| Rest off/lay on | Frequency | 4.1 ± 0.4 | 3.0 ± 0.4 | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 3.2 ± 0.4 | 3.8 ± 0.4 |
| Duration (s) | 256.8 ± 35.5 | 239.9 ± 34.7 | 180.9 ± 35 | 165.2 ± 35.5 | 240.1 ± 32.2 | |
| Latency (s) | 656.1 ± 86.3 | 999.4 ± 84.4 | 880.9 ± 85.4 | 805.6 ± 86.1 | 778.4 ± 78.3 | |
Note. Means with capitalized letters differ at p ≤ 0.01 while lowercase letters differ at p ≤ 0.05. Different letters indicate differences as follows: S(s) indicates groups significantly different from respective saline control, U(u) indicate groups significantly different from UN treated dams, C(c) indicates significant difference from cocaine treated groups (CC and IC).