Table 1.
Glycemic status of homebound elderly with and without depression
| Depression (N = 332) |
No depression (N =644) |
P value |
|
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, year, mean ± SD | 74.0 ± 8.5(n = 332) | 76.1 ± 8.5(n = 644) | 0.0003 |
| Female, n/total (%) | 253/332 (76%) | 486/644 (75%) | 0.80 |
| High School and above, n/total (%) | 214/331 (65%) | 442/641 (69%) | 0.13 |
| Caucasians, n/total (%) | 209/332 (63%) | 411/644 (64%) | 0.79 |
| ApoE4, n/total (%) | 62/315 (20%) | 150/606 (25%) | 0.08 |
| Antidepressant usage, n/total (%) | 145/322 (44%) | 152/644 (24%) | <0.0001 |
| Status on Carbohydrate Metabolism | |||
| BMI, kg/m2, mean ± SD | 31.3 ± 8.2 (n = 319) | 30.8 ± 8.2 (n = 590) | 0.34 |
| Diabetes, n/total (%) | 102/309 (33%) | 180/619 (28%) | 0.24 |
| Total carbohydrates, gm | 247.9 ± 102.1 (n = 332) | 244.1 ± 87.2 (n = 642) | 0.66 |
| Glycemic index | 55.8 ± 3.8 (n = 332) | 55.1 ± 3.7 (n = 644) | 0.003 |
| Glycemic index/bread | 79.8 ± 5.5 (n = 152) | 77.7 ± 5.4 (n =257) | 0.0002 |
| Glycemic load | 227.9 (120.5, 12339.9) (n = 332) | 180.3 (121.3, 11176.5) (n = 644) | 0.16 |
| Glucose, mg/dL, mean ± SD | 114.4 ± 41.9 (n = 303) | 108.1 ± 28.7 (n =611) | 0.15 |
| Insulin, pmole/L | 84.0 (48.0, 134.3) (n = 289) | 74.4 (44.7, 120.6) (n =590) | 0.05 |
Mean ± SD and T-test or Median (Q1, Q3) and Wilcoxon Sum Ranks or n/total (%) and the Chi-Square test are presented. P values for statistical significance are shown. Depression is defined by Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression scale (CES-D) ≥ 16