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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2011 Jun 7.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Parasitol. 2000 Nov;30(12-13):1217–1258. doi: 10.1016/s0020-7519(00)00124-7

Table 10.

Seroprevalences of T. gondii infection in sheep (1990–2000)

Country Year of samplinga Seroprevalence (%)b Number of samples tested (n)b Methodc Reference
Lambs
Zimbabwe < 1992 6 107 IFAT [457]
< 1992 3 107 ELISA [457]
Slaughter sheep
Djibouti < 1994 10 486 IHAT [398]
Egypt < 1990 29 17 IHAT [399]
Indonesia < 1998 60 123 IHAT [476]
Iran 1984–88 14 138 LAT [405]
Norway 1993 18 2070 ELISA [145]
1993 16 1940 ELISA [146]
Pakistan 1993 3 40 LAT [413]
Saudi Arabia < 1997 39 100 IHAT [477]
Trinidad < 1996 36 14 CAT [420]
Turkey 1993–94 37 712 SFDT [478]
USA (North East) < 1990 59 654 ELISA [479]
Farmed sheep
Austria < 1991 72 531 CFT [480]
< 1996 66 4079 IFAT [114]
Bangladesh < 1993 64 56 LAT [481]
Brazil < 1999 52 228 IFAT [394]
Cameroon < 1994 32 211 LAT [482]
Canada 1988 58 3872 ELISA [483]
Chile < 1999 28 408 IFAT [484]
< 1999 12 408 IHAT [484]
China < 1991 7 202 IHAT [395]
Croatia < 1994 4 95 DAT [485]
Czech Republic 1982–89 55 886 SFDT [486]
1982–89 40 484 CFT [486]
1986–90 46–74** 661* SFDT [486]
1986–90 13–23** 650* CFT [486]
France < 1997 92 642 IFAT [401]
Germany 1993–95 33 1122 ELISA [434]
< 1997 21 151 IFAT [487]
Greece (Crete) < 1995 23 8700 ELISA [488]
India < 1993 23 88 DAT [489]
Ireland < 1990 56 837 IHAT [490]
Israel 1985–90 25 372 IFAT [408]
Jordan 1989–90 21 176 LAT [491]
< 1993 21 559 LAT [492]
Malaysia < 1990 23 106 IHAT [410]
Mexico < 1990 30 495 IFAT [493]
Niger < 1991 14 70 LAT [494]
Nigeria < 1993 12 206 LAT [495]
Slovakia 1988–91 10 1939 CFT [496]
Spain < 1991 40 550 DAT [497]
< 1991 35 550 IFAT [497]
1992–93 12 541 MAT [498]
< 1996 38 3212 DAT [499]
< 1996 35 2306 MAT [500]
< 1996 34 2306 IFAT [500]
Suriname 1994 67 106 MAT [501]
Sweden < 1992 19 704 ELISA [502]
Turkey 1990–92 26 259 IHAT [422]
1990–92 22 259 ELISA [422]
< 1992 23–31** 295* IHAT [503]
< 1997 89 62 SFDT [504]
< 1997 40 531 SFDT [505]
1997–98 34 154 SFDT [424]
United Kingdom 1990 29 202 LAT [506]
Uruguay 1991 14–29** 573* LAT [507]
1992 28 422 DAT [508]
1992–94 39 1613 DAT [509]
Zimbabwe < 1992 9 109 ELISA [457]
Unclassified
Bangladesh < 1993 18 17 LAT [391]
Benin < 1996 0 21 IHAT [510]
Brazil < 1995 48 370 IFAT [511]
1996 19 240 IFAT [393]
Burkina Faso < 1996 23 65 IHAT [510]
China < 1996 29 56 IHAT [512]
Côte d’Ivore < 1996 68 62 IHAT [510]
Djibouti < 1996 13 183 IHAT [510]
Ethiopia < 1996 26 94 IHAT [510]
Ghana 1997–98 33 732 ELISA [513]
Iran < 1996 25 1102 IHAT [406]
< 1996 24 2209 LAT [406]
Mexico 1988 38 702 IFAT [514]
Niger < 1996 20 77 IHAT [510]
Saudi Arabia < 2000 3 150 IHAT [416]
Senegal < 1993 55 190 ELISA [515]
< 1993 46 190 IFAT [515]
< 1996 12 52 IHAT [510]
Turkey 1994 72 414 IFAT [516]
1994 69 414 SFDT [516]
1994 37 414 LAT [516]
1994–95 15 1050 LAT [517]
a

Years of sampling are listed as published in the references. In cases where this information was not available, the year listed here is the year when the study was published, as indicated by ‘<’. Data from the 1980s are included if the study was published in the 1990s and if no recent data were available for the area.

b

Figures marked with ‘*’ were calculated from the published data. Seroprevalences marked with ‘**’ varied with the herd examined.

c

CAT, card agglutination test; CFT, complement fixation test; DAT, direct agglutination test; ELISA, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay; IFAT, indirect immunofluorescent antibody test; IHAT, indirect haemagglutination test; LAT, latex agglutination test; MAT, modified agglutination test; SFDT, Sabin– Feldman dye test.